Hannibal Barca

Hannibal Barca was one of the greatest military commanders of the ancient world, best known for leading Carthage against Rome during the Second Punic War. Born into a prominent Carthaginian family, Hannibal was the son of Hamilcar Barca, a respected general who instilled in him a deep hatred of Rome.

At the age of 26, Hannibal took command of Carthaginian forces in Iberia (modern Spain). In 218 BCE, he launched a bold and legendary invasion of Italy by crossing the Alps with a multinational army that included war elephants. Despite staggering losses, Hannibal defeated Roman forces in a series of battles, most famously at Cannae—a tactical masterpiece that is still studied in military academies today.

For over a decade, Hannibal campaigned across Italy, threatening Rome but never managing to capture the city itself. Eventually, Rome counter-attacked Carthage, forcing Hannibal to return home, where he was defeated by Scipio Africanus at the Battle of Zama in 202 BCE.

After the war, Hannibal became a statesman in Carthage but was later forced into exile. He spent his final years advising foreign courts and resisting Roman power until his death, which he reportedly chose by suicide rather than be captured by the Romans.

Quick Facts

• Father: Hamilcar Barca
• Known for: Crossing the Alps, defeating Rome at Cannae, brilliant battlefield tactics
• Military strength: Used terrain, deception, and diverse troops with extraordinary skill
• Main rival: The Roman Republic, especially Scipio Africanus
• Legacy: One of history's most revered military strategists; admired even by his enemies

Hannibal remains a symbol of daring leadership, tactical genius, and resistance against overwhelming odds. His name echoes through military history as the man who came closest to toppling Rome at the height of its power.