Galileo Galilei

Galileo Galilei

February 15, 1564, Pisa, Italy - January 8, 1642, Arcetri, Italy

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Scientist Modern Era Italian

I am Galileo Galilei, born February 15, 1564, in Pisa. I measured the swing of lamps in cathedrals and the fall of stones from towers — for nature, not custom, must be our guide.

With my telescope, I saw Jupiter’s moons, the phases of Venus, and mountains on our own Moon. I wrote Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, showing that Earth moves — and paid with my freedom for saying so.

Before inquisitors, I bent my words yet not my mind. Under house arrest in Arcetri, I continued my work by candlelight — still turning my lens to the stars.

What I Leave Behind

  • I showed that observation is stronger than opinion.
  • I proved that the heavens are not perfect spheres, but changing worlds.
  • My defiance lives wherever reason asks, “What if we look closer?”

May you never fear to turn your own eye to the night sky and wonder what lies beyond.